Age of Exploration (1450-1700)

The early history of New World exploration reads like an old-style fantasy novel. Men from Europe literally traversed the North American continent looking for things like the City of Gold and the Fountain of Youth. With such a vast terrain ripe for discovery, there was really no way to prove those things couldn't be found, though not even someone as diligent as Juan Ponce de Leon was able to find any trace of such mystical destinations.

What they found instead was firm ground, mountains, jungles, rivers, deserts, exotic animals, and native inhabitants sometimes happy to greet them, sometimes happy to attack the newcomers. There are a lot of opinions and versions about the European exploration of North and South America, some of them accepted as standard, a few relegated to the conspiracy theorists' corner of shame, and one or two downright shocking.

Most historians agree that the initial Spanish and Portuguese insurgence, particularly in South and Central America, was occasioned primarily by greed and political jockeying. The big villain of this period was Hernan Cortes, a Spaniard who dealt freely in death, communicable disease, treachery, and gold between the Aztec empire and his own nation. It was said he pilfered so much gold his ships sank under it on the return journey.

Christopher Columbus has fared slightly better in the annals of history, though even his methods and motivations have fallen under suspicion. That he claimed the work of a missionary is now seen more as a burden for the Christian community to explain than as a noble mark in his favor. He also took gold, swapped diseases with the Indians, and provoked many to combat.

So what's the truth of all this? Are Europeans just a bunch of terrible people out to exploit everyone else? Is this merely liberal revisionism? The truth (as usual) is probably somewhere in between. Many of the explorers were pretty ruthless, but then again, the kind of personality that could accomplish something as arduous as the years-long journey to an unknown part of the world is bound to have some equally heroic flaws.

Review by C. Hollis Crossman
C. Hollis Crossman used to be a child. Now he's a husband and father who loves church, good food, and weird stuff. He might be a mythical creature, but he's definitely not a centaur. Read more of his reviews here.
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Admiral of the Ocean Sea
by Samuel E. Morison
from Atlantic Monthly Press
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Around the World in a Hundred Years
by Jean Fritz
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Biography for 2nd-5th grade
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Book About Christopher Columbus
by Ruth Belov Gross, Illustrated by Syd Hoff
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Captain Cook R. N. the Resolute Mariner
by Thomas Vaughan and A. A. St. C. M. Murray-Oliver
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Museum Exhibition Catalog for Adult
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Christopher Columbus
Sowers Series
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Christopher Columbus
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Christopher Columbus
Sowers Biographies
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Christopher Columbus
by Samuel Eliot Morison
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Christopher Columbus and His Brothers
by Amy Hogeboom
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Christopher Columbus and His Legacy
Opposing Viewpoints Series
by Mary Ellen Jones, Editor
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Christopher Columbus and the Discovery of the New World
by Jim Gallagher
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Christopher Columbus: His Story and His Journals
Knowledge Keepers Home Library Series 1492
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Columbus and the Renaissance Explorers
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Columbus: The Triumphant Failure
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Eric the Red & Leif the Lucky
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Exploration and Conquest
by Betsy & Giulio Maestro
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Exploration and Conquest
by Betsy & Giulio Maestro
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$12.00 (1 in stock)
Explorers & Discoverers - 4 Volume Set
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$30.00 (1 in stock)
Explorers News
The History News
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Explorers Who Got Lost
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Explorers Who Got Lost
by Diane Sansevere-Dreher, Illustrated by Ed Renfro
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Ferdinand Magellan
by Milton Meltzer
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Ferdinand Magellan and the Discovery of the World Ocean
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Ferdinand Magellan and the First Voyage Around the World
by Jim Gallagher
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Francisco Coronado and the Exploration of the American Southwest
Explorers of New Worlds
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Francisco Pizarro and the Conquest of the Inca
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Great Adventures That Changed Our World
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Great Explorers
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Henry Hudson
Library of Explorers and Exploration
by Josepha Sherman
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Hernando de Soto and the Exploration of Florida
by Jim Gallagher
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In 1492
by Jean Marzollo
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Picture Book Biography for Kindergarten-3rd grade
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In 1492
by Jean Marzollo
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In Their Own Words: Christopher Columbus
by Peter & Connie Roop
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Juan Ponce de Leon
by Louise Chipley Slavicek
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Juan Ponce de Leon
by Tamara Green
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Juan Ponce de Leon and the Search for the Fountain of Youth
by Daniel E. Harmon
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Livingstone and his African Journeys
by Elspeth Huxley
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Magellan
by Michael Burgan
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Marco Polo
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Marco Polo
by Struan Reid
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Marco Polo and the Medieval Explorers
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Marco Polo: Voyager to the Orient
by Carol Greene
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Meet Christopher Columbus
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by James de Kay
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Biography for 3rd-6th grade
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Meet Christopher Columbus
by James de Kay
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Biography for 3rd-6th grade
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Pizarro, Orellana, and the Exploration of the Amazon
by Brendon Bernhard
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Ponce de Leon
by Trish Kline
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Prince Henry the Navigator
by Leonard Everett Fisher
1st edition from Atheneum
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Real Book About Explorers
by Irvin Block, illustrated by Jules Gotlieb
from Garden City Books
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$6.00 (1 in stock)
Risking it All
Moments in American History
by Anne Souby
from Steck-Vaughn Company
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Samuel De Champlain
by Samuel E. Morison
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Sieur de La Salle
by John Paul Zronik
from Crabtree Publishing
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Sir Francis Drake
Library of Explorers and Exploration
by Joy Paige
1st edition from Rosen Central
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$6.00 (1 in stock)
Sir Walter Raleigh and the Quest for El Dorado
by Marc Aronson
from Clarion Books
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2001 Robert F. Sibert Medal winner
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Story of Christopher Columbus
Cornerstones of Freedom
by Zachary Kent
from Children's Press
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Vasco de Gama and the Portuguese Explorers
by Jim Gallagher
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Westward With Columbus
by John Dyson
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Westward With Columbus
by John Dyson
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$6.00 (1 in stock)
Where Do You Think You're Going, Christopher Columbus?
by Jean Fritz
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$8.00 (1 in stock)
Who Was Christopher Columbus?
Who Was?...Series
by Barbara Bader
from Grosset & Dunlap
Biography for 3rd-5th grade
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$4.00 (1 in stock)
Who Was Christopher Columbus?
Who Was?...Series
by Barbara Bader, illustrated by Nancy Harrison
from Scholastic Inc.
Biography for 3rd-5th grade
in Who Was? biographies (Location: BIO-WHO)
$3.00 (1 in stock)