Geology (Rocks & Minerals)

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Geology (from the Greek ge = earth and logos = word or reason) is the science and study of the Earth, its composition, structure, physical properties, history and the processes that shape it. It is one of the Earth sciences. Geologists have determined that the Earth's lithosphere, which includes the crust, is fragmented into tectonic plates that move over a rheic upper mantle (asthenosphere) via processes that are collectively referred to as plate tectonics.

Geologists help locate and manage the earth's natural resources, such as petroleum and coal, as well as metals such as iron, copper, and uranium. Additional economic interests include gemstones and many minerals such as asbestos, perlite, mica, phosphates, zeolites, clay, pumice, quartz, and silica, as well as elements such as sulphur, chlorine, and helium.

Astrogeology refers to the application of geologic principles to other bodies of the solar system. However, specialised terms such as selenology (studies of the Moon), areology (of Mars), etc., are also in use.

The word "geology" was first used by Jean-André Deluc in the year 1778 and introduced as a fixed term by Horace-Bénédict de Saussure in the year 1779. An older meaning of the word was first used by Richard de Bury. He used it to distinguish between earthly and theological jurisprudence.

Topography is the study ofa planet's geologicalsurface features. In a broader sense, topography is concerned with local detail in general, including not only relief but also vegetative and human-made features, and even local history and culture. This meaning is less common in America, where topographic maps with elevation contours have made "topography" synonymous with relief. The older sense of topography as the study of place still has currency in Europe.

Seismology (from the Greek seismos = earthquake and logos = word) is the scientific study of earthquakes and the movement of waves through the Earth. The field also includes studies of variants such as seaquakes, as well as causes such as volcanoes and tectonic plates.
(You can learn more about these scientific disciplines by reading the following articles on Wikipedia: Geology and Seismology.)

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Geology (Rocks & Minerals)

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Geology (Rocks & Minerals)

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Natural Disasters: Earthquakes & Volcanoes

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2nd grade (Ages 7-8)

	101 Super Simple Science Experiments by Rebecca W. Keller from Gravitas Publications, Inc. for Kindergarten-8th grade in Real Science-4-Kids (Location: SCICUR-RS4K)
	21 Super Simple Geology Experiments by Rebecca W. Keller from Gravitas Publications, Inc. for Kindergarten-4th grade in Real Science-4-Kids (Location: SCICUR-RS4K)
	Charlie and Trike in the Grand Canyon Adventure Green Notebook Series by Ken Ham, Karen Hansel from Master Books for 1st-4th grade in U.S. Monuments & Symbols (Location: HISV-LANUS) $14.39 $9.00 (1 in stock)
	Classical Acts and Facts Science Cards: Biology & Earth Science 2^nd edition from Classical Conversations for Kindergarten-8th grade in Classical Acts & Facts Cards (Location: HISCUR-CC) $28.20 $17.50 (1 in stock)
	Discover Science: Planet Earth by Chris Pellant from Kingfisher for 1st-3rd grade in Earth Science (Location: SCI-EARTH) $5.00 (1 in stock)
	Discover Science: Rocks and Fossils by Chris Pellant from Kingfisher for 1st-3rd grade in Geology (Rocks & Minerals) (Location: SCI-GEO) $5.00 (1 in stock)
	Earthquakes Scholastic Science Readers Level 3 by Deborah Heiligman from Scholastic Press for 2nd-3rd grade in Scholastic / Hello Reader! (Location: EAR-SCH) $2.00 (1 in stock)
	Explore Rocks and Minerals! 20 Great Projects, Activities and Experiments by Cynthia Light Brown and Nick Brown from Nomad Press for 1st-4th grade in Geology (Rocks & Minerals) (Location: SCI-GEO) $6.00 (2 in stock)
	First Book of Caves by Elizabeth Hamilton from Franklin Watts for Kindergarten-3rd grade in Geology (Rocks & Minerals) (Location: SCI-GEO)
	Focus On Elementary Geology - Laboratory Notebook by Rebecca W. Keller 3^rd edition from Gravitas Publications, Inc. for Kindergarten-4th grade in Real Science-4-Kids (Location: SCICUR-RS4K)
	Focus On Elementary Geology - Package by Rebecca W. Keller from Gravitas Publications, Inc. for Kindergarten-4th grade in Real Science-4-Kids (Location: SCICUR-RS4K)
	Focus On Elementary Geology - Student Textbook by Rebecca W. Keller 3^rd edition from Gravitas Publications, Inc. for Kindergarten-4th grade in Real Science-4-Kids (Location: SCICUR-RS4K)
	Focus On Elementary Geology - Teacher's Manual by Rebecca W. Keller 3^rd edition from Gravitas Publications, Inc. for Kindergarten-4th grade in Real Science-4-Kids (Location: SCICUR-RS4K) $20.00 (1 in stock)
	Geology Rocks! by Cindy Blobaum from Williamson Publishing Company for 1st-7th grade in Geology (Rocks & Minerals) (Location: SCI-GEO) $7.50 (2 in stock)
	Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami A Photojournalistic Account of the First 10 Days of the Disaster from kahoku Shimpo Publishing Co for 1st-Adult in Japan (Location: HISMC-JAP) $10.00 (1 in stock)
	How Hot is Lava? And Other Questions About Volcanoes Good Question! by Kelly Smith from Sterling Publishing Co. for 2nd-5th grade in Natural Disasters: Earthquakes & Volcanoes (Location: SCI-EARVO) $3.50 (1 in stock)
	How Hot is Lava? And Other Questions About Volcanoes Good Question! by Kelly Smith from Sterling Publishing Co. for 2nd-5th grade in Natural Disasters: Earthquakes & Volcanoes (Location: SCI-EARVO) $6.50 (1 in stock)
	How to Dig a Hole to the Other Side of the World by Faith McNulty from HarperCollins Non-fiction for 2nd-4th grade in Picture Books (Location: PICTURE) $8.49 $3.60 (2 in stock)
	Magic School Bus Inside the Earth by Joanne Cole Reprint from Scholastic Inc. for 2nd-3rd grade in Magic School Bus (Location: SER-MSB) $7.64
	Official Sassafras SciDat Logbook 5 Geology Sassafras Science by Johnny Congo & Paige Hudson from Elemental Science for Kindergarten-5th grade in Sassafras Science (Location: SCICUR-SAS)
	Official Sassafras SciDat Logbook 6 Astronomy Sassafras Science by Johnny Congo & Paige Hudson from Elemental Science for Kindergarten-5th grade in Sassafras Science (Location: SCICUR-SAS) $8.00 (1 in stock)
	Official Sassafras SciDat Logbook 7 Chemistry Sassafras Science by Johnny Congo & Paige Hudson from Elemental Science for Kindergarten-5th grade in Sassafras Science (Location: SCICUR-SAS)
	One Small Square: Cave One Small Square by Donald Silver & Patricia Wynne from McGraw-Hill for 1st-3rd grade in One Small Square (Location: SCI-1SS) $13.00 $9.00 (1 in stock)
	Rock Grows Up The Pacific Northwest Up Close and Personal by Randi & Michael Goodrich from GeoQuest Publications for 1st-4th grade in Geology (Rocks & Minerals) (Location: SCI-GEO) $5.00 (1 in stock)
	Rock is Lively by Dianna Hutts Aston from Chronicle Books for 2nd-6th grade in Nature Study & Journaling (Location: NAT-GEN)
	Rock is Lively OSI by Dianna Hutts Aston First Edition from Chronicle Books for 2nd-6th grade in Nature Study & Journaling (Location: NAT-GEN)
	Rocks & Minerals Grades K-3 by Toni Albert from Carson-Dellosa Publishing Company for Kindergarten-3rd grade in Geology (Rocks & Minerals) (Location: SCI-GEO) $3.50 (1 in stock)
	Rocks and Minerals National Geographic Kids Level 2 by Kathleen Weidner Zoehfeld from National Geographic for 1st-2nd grade in National Geographic Early Readers (Location: EAR-NGR) $2.00 (1 in stock)
	Rocks, Rivers and the Changing Earth A First Book About Geology by Herman and Nina Schneider, illustrated by Edwin Herron from Hillside Education for 2nd-4th grade in Geology (Rocks & Minerals) (Location: SCI-GEO)
	Sand to Stone and Back Again by Nancy Bo Flood, photography by Tony Kuyper from Fulcrum Publishing for Preschool-2nd grade in Geology (Rocks & Minerals) (Location: SCI-GEO) $3.50 (1 in stock)
	Sassafras Guide to Geology Activity Manual Sassafras Science by Johnny Congo & Paige Hudson from Elemental Science for Kindergarten-5th grade in Sassafras Science (Location: SCICUR-SAS) $14.00 (1 in stock)
	Sassafras Science Adventures Volume 5 Geology Sassafras Science by Johnny Congo & Paige Hudson from Elemental Science for Kindergarten-5th grade in Sassafras Science (Location: SCICUR-SAS)
	Stalactite & Stalagmite: A Big Tale from a Little Cave by Drew Beckmeyer from Atheneum for Preschool-2nd grade 2026 Caldecott Honor Book in Picture Books (Location: PICTURE) $16.99
	Volcanoes and Other Forces of nature: A LEGO Adventure in the Real World for Kindergarten-2nd grade in Natural Disasters: Earthquakes & Volcanoes (Location: SCI-EARVO) $4.50 (1 in stock)
	Volcanoes! Mountains of Fire A Step into Reading Book Level 4 by Eric Arnold from Random House for 2nd-3rd grade in Step into Reading (Location: EAR-STEP) $5.09 $2.00 (1 in stock)
	Volcanoes: Run For Your Life! Scholastic Discover More Readers Level 3 by Laaren Brown from Scholastic Inc. for 1st-3rd grade in Early Readers (Location: EAR-MISC)
	What Was Pompeii? by Jim O'Connor from Grosset & Dunlap for 2nd-6th grade in Ancient Rome (Location: HISW-ANRO) $3.50 (2 in stock)
	Why the Earth Quakes by Julian May, illustrated by Julian Everett Fisher from Holiday House for 1st-3rd grade in Vintage Science & Math (Location: VIN-SCI) $12.00 (1 in stock)
	World Beneath My Feet by Ileana Board from The Good and the Beautiful for 1st-5th grade in GATB Science & Health (Location: CUR-GABSc) $4.00 (1 in stock)

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