History of Science & Mathematics

Science is a body of empirical, theoretical, and practical knowledge about the natural world, produced by a global community of researchers making use of scientific methods, which emphasize the observation, experimentation and explanation of real world phenomena. Given the dual status of science as objective knowledge and as a human construct, good historiography of science draws on the historical methods of both intellectual history and social history. While empirical investigations of the natural world have been described since antiquity, and scientific methods have been employed since the Middle Ages, the dawn of modern science is generally traced back to the early modern period, during what is known as the Scientific Revolution of the 16th and 17th centuries. Scientific methods are considered to be so fundamental to modern science that some—especially philosophers of science and practicing scientists—consider earlier inquiries into nature to be pre-scientific. Traditionally, historians of science have defined science sufficiently broadly to include those inquiries.

The area of study known as the history of mathematics is primarily an investigation into the origin of new discoveries in mathematics. To a lesser extent it isan investigation into the standard mathematical methods and notation of the past. Before the modern age and the worldwide spread of knowledge, written examples of new mathematical developments have come to light only in a few locales. All of these texts concern the so-called Pythagorean theorem, which seems to be the most ancient and widespread mathematical development after basic arithmetic and geometry. One striking feature of the history of ancient and medieval mathematics is that bursts of mathematical development were often followed by centuries of stagnation. Beginning in Renaissance Italy in the 16th century, new mathematical developments, interacting with new scientific discoveries, were made at an ever increasing pace, and this continues to the present day.

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3-D Engineering
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Albert Einstein: Young Thinker
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Ancient Science
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Archimedes and the Door of Science
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Aristotle Leads the Way: Teacher's Quest Guide
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Bell and the Science of the Telephone
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Benjamin Franklin
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Benjamin Franklin's Adventures With Electricity
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Benjamin Franklin: Printer, Scientist, Author, and Diplomat
Spirit of America: Our People
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Benjamin Franklin: Young Printer
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Champions of Invention
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Champions of Mathematics
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Champions of Science
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Changing Times: Health & Disease
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Clara Barton: Civil War Nurse
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Classical Acts and Facts Science Cards: Famous Scientists (old)
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Did It Take Creativity to Find Relativity, Albert Einstein?
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Doctor Like Papa
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Electrical Wizard
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Exploring Mars
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Exploring the History of Medicine
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Exploring the History of Medicine - Teacher Key and Tests
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Genius
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2006 NCTE Orbis Pictus Honor Book
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George Washington Carver - Unit Study Curriculum Guide
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George Washington Carver: Botanist
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Giants of Science: Isaac Newton
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Girls Who Looked Under Rocks
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Ideas That Changed the World: Transportation
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Inventing the Future
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Isaac Newton and Gravity
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Leonardo da Vinci
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Librarian Who Measured the Earth
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Listening to Crickets
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Marie Curie's Search for Radium
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Medical Technology: Inventing the Instruments
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Men of Science and Invention
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Men of Science, Men of God
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Michael Faraday
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Mistakes That Worked
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Nibbling on Einstein's Brain
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Numbers Old and New
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Out of Darkness
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Pasteur's Fight Against Microbes
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Piece of the Mountain
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Rachel Carson
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Railroad
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Science in Ancient Rome
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Science in Colonial America
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Science in Colonial America
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So You Want To Be an Inventor?
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Steam Engine
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Story of Eli Whitney
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Story of Science
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Story of Science
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Story of Thomas Alva Edison
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Story of Thomas Alva Edison, Inventor
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Taller Than Bandai Mountain
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Thaddeus Lowe: America's One-Man Air Corps
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Thomas Edison
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Thomas Edison: Inventor
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Thomas Harriot
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True Story of Albert Einstein
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Usborne Book of Scientists
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Usborne History of Science in 100 Pictures
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We'll Race You, Henry
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We'll Race You, Henry
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What's the Big Idea Ben Franklin?
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What's the Big Idea, Ben Franklin?
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What's the Big Idea, Ben Franklin?
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Who Invented This?
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Who Was Charles Darwin?
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Who Was George Washington Carver?
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Wilbur and Orville Wright: Young Fliers
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William Harvey
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Women in Science
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Wonderful World of Mathematics
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Wright Brothers
Sowers Series
by Charles Ludwig
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