The War of 1812 was fought between the United States of America and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and its colonies in British North America from 1812 to 1815 on land and sea. The Americans had hoped for a quick win as Britain was at war with Napoleon. Despite several notable successes by U.S. frigates and the menace of American privateers to British trade, the Royal Navy established a strict blockade of American trade causing economic hardship; on land the U.S. invasion was repulsed and British forces counterattacked across the border burning Washington and occupying Maine, but unsuccessfully attacking some well defended major cities. The war ended with the Treaty of Ghent, restoring North America to status quo ante bellum.
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